chartered wealth manager accredited financial analyst financial planner ISO 9001 Accredited Certification Body Training
International Board of Standards - Professional Designations -  Accredited Education.  Creating the World's Leaders in Management ™

 
<< Previous    1...   2  3  [4]  5  6  ...91    Next >>

A horse called “Read The Footnotes” ran in the 2004 Kentucky Derby. He finished seventh, but if he had won, it would have been a victory for financial literacy proponents everywhere. It’s so important to read the footnotes. The footnotes to financial statements are packed with information. Here are some of the highlights:  

  • Significant accounting policies and practices – Companies are required to disclose the accounting policies that are most important to the portrayal of the company’s financial condition and results. These often require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments. 
  • Income taxes – The footnotes provide detailed information about the company’s current and deferred income taxes. The information is broken down by level – federal, state, local and/or foreign, and the main items that affect the company’s effective tax rate are described. 
  • Pension plans and other retirement programs – The footnotes discuss the company’s pension plans and other retirement or post-employment benefit programs. The notes contain specific information about the assets and costs of these programs, and indicate whether and by how much the plans are over- or under-funded. 
  • Stock options – The notes also contain information about stock options granted to officers and employees, including the method of accounting for stock-based compensation and the effect of the method on reported results.  

Read the MD&A 

You can find a narrative explanation of a company’s financial performance in a section of the quarterly or annual report entitled, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” MD&A is management’s opportunity to provide investors with its view of the financial performance and condition of the company. It’s management’s opportunity to tell investors what the financial statements show and do not show, as well as important trends and risks that have shaped the past or are reasonably likely to shape the company’s future.  

The SEC’s rules governing MD&A require disclosure about trends, events or uncertainties known to management that would have a material impact on reported financial information. The purpose of MD&A is to provide investors with information that the company’s management believes to be necessary to an understanding of its financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of operations. It is intended to help investors to see the company through the eyes of management. It is also intended to provide context for the financial statements and information about the company’s earnings and cash flows.  

Financial Statement Ratios and Calculations 

You’ve probably heard people banter around phrases like “P/E ratio,” “current ratio” and “operating margin.” But what do these terms mean and why don’t they show up on financial statements? Listed below are just some of the many ratios that investors calculate from information on financial statements and then use to evaluate a company. As a general rule, desirable ratios vary by industry.  

  • Debt-to-equity ratio compares a company’s total debt to shareholders’ equity. Both of these numbers can be found on a company’s balance sheet. To calculate debt-to-equity ratio, you divide a company’s total liabilities by its shareholder equity, or 

Debt-to-Equity Ratio = Total Liabilities / Shareholders’ Equity 

If a company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 2 to 1, it means that the company has two dollars of debt to every one dollar shareholders invest in the company. In other words, the company is taking on debt at twice the rate that its owners are investing in the company.  

  • Inventory turnover ratio compares a company’s cost of sales on its income statement with its average inventory balance for the period. To calculate the average inventory balance for the period, look at the inventory numbers listed on the balance sheet. Take the balance listed for the period of the report and add it to the balance listed for the previous comparable period, and then divide by two. (Remember that balance sheets are snapshots in time. So the inventory balance for the previous period is the beginning balance for the current period, and the inventory balance for the current period is the ending balance.) To calculate the inventory turnover ratio, you divide a company’s cost of sales (just below the net revenues on the income statement) by the average inventory for the period, or 

Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Sales / Average Inventory for the Period 

<< Previous    1...   2  3  [4]  5  6  ...91    Next >>

About GAFM ®

  The GAFM International Board of Standards is ESQ European Accredited and ISO Certified for Quality and ISO 21001 Certified for Training Standards

ESQ Accredited

 

 

 
 


Join our Linkedin Group

LinkedIn.com

 

 ISO21001



 Accredited Certified Financial Analyst Chartered Accountant

The GAFM ® Board is the 1st Graduate Certification Body to Become Accredited  and Certified for: ISO 9001 Quality and ISO 21001 Training in the World. GAFM ® owns the former AAFM ® Certifications and Programs

 

 

 

 

Certified Management Consultant 

Home About Certifications Board Board Register Recognition Requirements Providers Contact Us Contact Apply AFAPPC GetCertifiedPPC Benefits Chartered Wealth Manager News How To Use Stock Markets Training Calendar FINRA Application Reg. Payments About Old Events CWM Training Program News UBT University Business Technology Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia - Certification Training Programs 2017 - University Business & Technology CEO Message Chartered Certified Economist Certified Financial Analyst FINRA SEC Chartered Wealth Manager Training Indonesia Malaysia Guides Informa GAFM Guides Jamaica Qualifying Degrees Global Advisors Membership Mission Ethics Governmental Recognition Links Handbook mfm Financial Planner Program Chartered Economist CCO Higher Institute IP List Become Provider Management Consulting Jobs TUV Accreditation CWM Chartered Wealth Manager Terms Financial Analyst Certification Copy of Certification Economics Certification Economics Degrees Management Degrees Finance Degrees Accounting Degrees Exams Renew Certification Awards Sample Honor Society Trademarks Careers Complaint Site Map Mentz George Mentz Lawyer Mentz George Colorado USA Speaker Consultant AFA ® Accredited Financial Analyst Certification CTEP ® Trust and Estate Certification CIPM ® Certified International Project Manager CWM ® Chartered Wealth Manager ® AMA ® Management Accountant Certification AMC ® Management Consulting Certification MMC ® Management Consulting Certification Book

Google Plus 

All Rights Reserved 1996-2017 -  GAFM Global Academy of Finance and Management   & Association for Finance and Management
 Mentzinger Media LLC   Board of Standards - Accreditation and  Certification - Global Certified  Accountants Financial Analysts Institute 
Association of International Financial Accounting  Foregin Relations Public Policy Council  Chartered Wealth Manager
Accredited Financial Analyst Certified Chartered Management Accountant   - Association Institute Academy 
US Department of Labor  - George Mentz
Join us on LinkedIn  - Financial Analyst Training - Chartered Wealth Manager ® - ChE Chartered Economist ®
 
www.GAFM.us * www.GAFM.org
In alliance with the Unincorported Non-Profit Association of Finance and Management USA
 
A financial analyst  securities analyst, research analyst, equity analyst, or investment analyst is a person who performs financial analysis for external or internal clients as a core part of the job. Financial analysis (also referred to as financial statement analysis or accounting analysis or Analysis of finance) refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a business, sub-business or project. It is performed by professionals who prepare reports using ratios that make use of information taken from financial statements and other reports. These reports are usually presented to top management as one of their bases in making business decisions. Certification as a financial analyst requires accredited education in finance
 
Management consulting is the practice of helping organizations to improve their performance, primarily through the analysis of existing organizational problems and development of plans for improvement. Organizations may draw upon the services of management consultants for a number of reasons, including gaining external (and presumably objective) advice and access to the consultants' specialized expertise. Becoming certified in management consulting requires proper education experience and credentials.
 
Management accounting or managerial accounting is concerned with the provisions and use of accounting information to managers within organizations, to provide them with the basis to make informed business decisions that will allow them to be better equipped in their management and control functions. Cost accounting is a process of collecting, analyzing, summarizing and evaluating various alternative courses of action. Its goal is to advise the management on the most appropriate course of action based on the cost efficiency and capability. Cost accounting provides the detailed cost information that management needs to control current operations and plan for the future. Certification in management or cost accounting requires education and expertise in accounting.
 
IP/Rights Global